Standard Controllers
A Visualforce controller is a set of instructions that specify what happens when a user interacts with the components specified in associated Visualforce markup, such as when a user clicks a button or link. Controllers also provide access to the data that should be displayed in a page, and can modify component behavior.
The Lightning platform provides a number of standard controllers that contain the same functionality and logic that are used for standard Salesforce pages. For example, if you use the standard Accounts controller, clicking a Save button in a Visualforce page results in the same behavior as clicking Save on a standard Account edit page.
A standard controller exists for every Salesforce object that can be queried using the Lightning Platform API.
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Checking for Object Accessibility
If a user has insufficient privileges to view an object, any Visualforce page that uses a controller to render that object is inaccessible. To avoid this error, ensure that your Visualforce components only render if a user has access to the object associated with the controller.